The Three Alazani Rivers Biosphere Reserve is not only ecologically rich, it is also a region of cultural and economic diversity. Over 15,000 people live in the reserve’s villages.

The population is ethnically diverse, comprising Georgians, Kists, and Ossetians, forming a unique cultural mosaic. Locals speak various Georgian dialects: Tushetian, Pshavian, Khevsurian, and Kakhetian. Of particular note is the endangered Batsbur (Tsova-Tush) language, still spoken by part of the Tusheti community. Visual: Photos of local residents and daily life scenes.

Economy and Livelihoods

Agriculture, shaped by centuries-old traditions, remains central to the local economy. Transhumant sheep herding, livestock breeding, and mountain farming are deeply rooted in the region’s way of life and are the main sources of livelihood.

In recent years, tourism has also grown rapidly. Impressive mountain scenery, biodiversity, cultural landmarks, and authentic rural life now attract many visitors, making tourism a growing and sustainable income stream for local communities.